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Klebsiella (K.) oxytoca infection induced the abortion of a female equine fetus in the 10th month of pregnancy. Bacteria were cultured from the liver, lung and stomach content. They were labelled with an anti-Mycobacterium bovis antibody in the thymus, liver and lungs and were stained with Giemsa and Brown-Brenn staining in the thymus and lung. The diffusely consolidated lungs contained numerous grey-whitish foci 2-4 mm in diameter, which corresponded to severe pyogranulomatous pneumonia characterised by numerous intraalveolar neutrophils and macrophages and multinucleated Langhans’ giant cells. K. oxytoca was located in the cytoplasm of these cells, and extracellularly in the lumen of alveoli, bronchioles and bronchi, in the capsule of thymus and in the sinusoids of the liver. The results indicate that K. oxytoca can cause sporadic equine abortion.
Szeredi, L. Janosi, S. Tenk, M.
Central Agricultural Office, Veterinary Diagnostic Directorate, H-1149 Budapest, Tabornok u. 2, Hungary.
A postweaning pig died in spite of antibiotic therapy showing wasting in a small herd. Postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) was diagnosed on the basis of gross pathological and histological lesions and the presence of moderate amounts of porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2) antigen in tissue samples. Mycotic gastritis caused by Zygomycetes spp. was found on round areas with a diameter of 1 to 3 cm in the glandular mucosa of the stomach. Moderate amount of PCV2 viral antigen was detected almost evently in the stomach and mostly in the macrophages. In addition, acute uraemia, revealed by an ammonia-like stink of the gastric mucosa and the presence of acute erosions on the glandular mucosa of the stomach, was observed as a consequence of PCV2-induced interstitial nephritis. Only PCV2 infection could be identified as a cause of secondary mycotic gastritis. The results further support the immunosuppressive ability of PCV2 infection in PMWS-affected pigs.
Szeredi, L. Szentirmai, C.
Central Agricultural Office, Veterinary Diagnostic Directorate, H-1149 Budapest, Tabornok u. 2, Hungary.
The objective of this study was to estimate the effect of the thyroglobulin (TG) locus on beef quality traits in some beef cattle breeds and to investigate the effect of the DGAT1 locus on milk production traits in the Hungarian Holstein Friesian population. TG and DGAT1 genotypes were determined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) assay. At the TG locus TT bulls showed the highest fat percentage values in the longissimus dorsi muscle (m. longissimus dorsi); the difference between CC and TT genotypes was significant. DGAT1 GC/GC cows had the highest milk, fat and protein yield values. Due to the relatively small number of GC/GC cows the difference proved to be significant only between AA/AA and AA/GC genotypes.
Anton, I. Kovacs, K. Fesus, L. Varhegyi, J. Lehel, L. Hajda, Z. Polgar, JP Szabo, F. Zsolnai, A.
Research Institute for Animal Breeding and Nutrition, H-2053 Herceghalom, Gesztenyes u. 1, Hungary.
Porcine circovirus type 1 (PCV1) is considered to be a non-pathogenic virus detected in cell cultures, vaccines or products used for cell culture preparations, all of them of porcine origin. Serological evidence and genetic studies suggested that PCV1 was widespread in domestic pigs. The presence of PCV1 in wild boars in Germany was also described using serological methods. This paper reports the first detection of PCV1 in Hungarian wild boars. Samples were collected at slaughterhouses and processed for polymerase chain reactions. The complete genome of PCV1 detected in the samples was determined and compared with the available PCV1 sequences of the GenBank database. The genomes formed two distinct clusters with minimum differences, where the Hungarian wild boar PCV1 (WB-H8) grouped together with genomes originating from domestic swine from China and Australia and with a genome detected in a porcine pepsin product.
Csagola, A. Kiss, I. Tuboly, T.
Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Szent Istvan University, H-1143 Budapest, Hungaria krt. 23-25, Hungary.
Two cases of feline vaccine-associated fibrosarcoma (FVAF) are reported. The excised tumours were both characterised as well circumscribed, subcutaneous, firm and white with central necrosis. Histopathologically, they consisted of well-differentiated and variably sized and shaped anaplastic cells, characterised by marked nuclear and cellular pleomorphism including giant cells. The mitotic activity was low. Aluminium was demonstrated in the central necrosis and giant cells. Neoplastic cells were positive for vimentin and negative for desmin and cytokeratin. The presence of feline sarcoma virus and feline immunodeficiency virus could not be detected by PCR in either case.
Deim, Z. Palmai, N. Cserni, G.
Department of Mammal Pathology, Central Agricultural Office, Veterinary Diagnostic Directorate, H-1149 Budapest, Tabornok u. 2, Hungary.
Severe disease induced by porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) was observed in three pigs originating from a large herd affected by respiratory and digestive signs as well as wasting. Proliferative and necrotising pneumonia (PNP) was diagnosed in two animals, while severe acute interstitial pneumonia characterised by the presence of abundant hyaline membrane in the alveoli and fibrin in the bronchioles was found in one pig. In all cases, large amounts of PCV2 antigen were found in each tissue sample collected from the lungs and mediastinal lymph nodes. Neither porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) nor swine influenza virus (SIV) was detected, and no bacteria could be cultured in any of the cases. Vascular lesions, e.g. degeneration of endothelial cells, perivascular and intramural oedema, fibrinoid necrosis, vasculitis, perivasculitis, and vascular thrombi were observed in all cases, associated with the presence of PCV2 antigen. The viral antigen was present in the intravascular mononuclear cells, endothelial cells, myocytes and infiltrating inflammatory cells in lymph and blood vessels. In one case, obliterating thrombi in the lymph and blood vessels were directly connected to areas of tissue necrosis and were associated with abundant PCV2 antigen. The results further suggest the causative role of PCV2 infection in PNP, and the importance of the vascular system in the pathogenesis of PCV2-associated diseases of swine.
Szeredi, L. Szentirmai, C.
Central Agricultural Office, Veterinary Diagnostic Directorate, H-1149 Budapest, Tabornok u. 2, Hungary.
The applicability of an anti-Mycobacterium bovis (BCG) antibody-based immunohistochemistry (IHC) procedure was investigated using everyday veterinary pathological samples collected from 13 different animal species. Fifty-one formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue samples were selected for this study. Forty, 4 and 7 tissue samples contained different species of bacteria, fungi and protozoa, respectively. Three serial sections were prepared in each case. Two sections were pre-treated with enzyme and heat, respectively, while the last section was not pre-treated. In seven cases the sensitivity of histochemical staining (HSM), IHC and bacteriological culture were compared. Heating of the sections in a microwave oven was the most effective method in the case of almost all pathogens used. Strong or moderate positive reactions were observed for 26 bacterial species, all fungal and 2 protozoal species, while weak reactions occurred for 2 bacterial and 1 protozoal species. Only 4 protozoal and 12 bacterial species, including Leptospira and all the five Mycoplasma species examined, showed no reaction in this test. IHC had almost the same sensitivity as bacteriological culture and was more sensitive than HSM. The IHC method presented here should be preferred to HSM as a general screening tool in cases where pathological lesions suspicious for infections are evident and no microorganism can be cultured in vitro or only formalin-fixed tissue samples are available for the laboratory examination.
Szeredi, L. Glavits, R. Tenk, M. Janosi, S.
Central Agricultural Office, Veterinary Diagnostic Directorate, H-1149 Budapest, Tabornok u. 2, Hungary.
Blood samples were collected from 330 cats in Hungary in order to evaluate their seroconversion to Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum using the indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT). The overall prevalence of toxoplasmosis was 47.6%, the prevalence being 22.4% among urban, 50% among suburban and 61.3% among rural animals. Significantly more cats had high IFAT titres (1:640 to 1:5120) in the countryside. Female cats were more frequently infected with T. gondii than males (53.3% vs. 39.3%), and seropositivity increased with increase in the age of animals. The prevalence (0.6%) and titre (1:40) of antibodies to N. caninum was low. 62 cats were also screened for seroconversion to feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) virus. Higher titres to T. gondii were more frequently detected among FIP-positive cats, but this difference was non-significant due to the small number of cats with concurrent infection.
Hornok, S. Edelhofer, R. Joachim, A. Farkas, R. Berta, K. Repasi, A. Lakatos, B.
Department of Parasitology and Zoology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Szent Istvan University, H-1078 Budapest, Istvan u. 2, Hungary.
In a model experiment, Holstein-Friesian dairy cows were fed on a cornsilage-based diet supplemented with 11.75 MJ NEl per day of calcium soaps of palm oil fatty acids (CAS) or hydrogenated triglyceride (HTG) or without fat supplementation (control). All diets were fed to the cows over a period from 21+or-3 days (d) prior to the expected calving to d 100+or-5 postpartum. On d 25 (basal sample) and d 14 prepartum as well as on d 5 and 25 postpartum liver samples were collected by percutaneous biopsy. Total lipid content, fatty acid composition and glycogen of liver tissues were determined. At d 5 postpartum, both control and CAS cows had higher liver lipid (P<0.05) and lower glycogen (P<0.05) concentrations than cows in the HTG group. No significant (P<0.05) differences were detected in liver fat content among the groups at d 14 prepartum or d 25 postpartum. The glycogen concentration slightly decreased in the liver of cows in each treatment group from d 14 prepartum to d 5 postpartum; however, this decrease was more intensive in both the control and CAS groups than in the HTG group. The variations in liver lipid concentrations were accompanied by significant changes in the proportion of C16:0, C16:1n-7, C18:0, C18:1n-9, C18:2n-6 and C20:4n-6 fatty acids in the liver lipids. The results show that HTG supplementation exerted more advantageous effects on liver lipid and glycogen metabolism than did CAS supplementation.
Karcagi, RG Gaal, T. Wagner, L. Husveth, F.
Department of Animal Science and Production, Georgikon Faculty, University of Pannonia, H-8360 Keszthely, Deak F. u. 16, Hungary.
This study was conducted to determine the effects of high dietary molybdenum (Mo) content in rabbits (n=20). The rabbits were fed with commercial pellets and carrots containing 39 mg Mo/kg dry matter (DM) [Experiment 1] and with a commercial diet supplemented with 40 mg Mo/kg DM [Experiment 2] for 14 days. Results revealed that high dietary Mo contents failed to reduce the growth performance of rabbits. Moreover, supplemental Mo given in a dose of 40 mg/kg insignificantly decreased the apparent digestibility of crude protein (CP) and crude fibre (CF) when compared with the control (73.63+or-2.49 and 18.56+or-5.10 vs. 74.31+or-3.03 and 21.38+or-6.48, respectively). Molybdenum ingested with feeds was mainly excreted (57%) via the urine. The highest Mo levels were observed in kidney and liver (3.464+or-0.872; 5.27+or-0.95 mg/kg DM [Experiment 1] and 1.878+or-0.283; 1.62+or-0.16 mg/kg DM [Experiment 2], respectively), and Mo could also be detected in limb meat (0.336+or-0.205 mg/kg DM). It was observed that the testes were more sensitive to Mo exposure than the female reproductive organs because the number of germ cells was reduced. Due to the high dietary Mo intake, free radicals could be generated resulting in a marked increase of creatine kinase (CK) activity.
Bersenyi, A. Berta, E. Kadar, I. Glavits, R. Szilagyi, M. Fekete, SG
Department of Animal Breeding, Nutrition and Laboratory Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Szent Istvan University, H-1400 Budapest, P.O. Box 2, Hungary.