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The goal of this study was to give insight into the lesser known action of neutrophils in the course of bovine respiratory disease (BRD). Neutrophils are principally involved in resistance to infection but under certain conditions these cells participate in lung injury. TNF alpha and IL-8, the primary cytokines which play essential roles in neutrophil activation during the inflammatory process, may lead not only to host defence reaction but also to destructive responses. Neutrophil constituents, such as elastase, myeloperoxidase (MPO), alkaline phosphatase (ALKP) and superoxide among others, contribute to tissue destruction. Also, 5-oxo-eicosatetraenoic acid (5-oxo-ETE), the potent activator of neutrophil chemotaxis and degranulation, can cause lung injury. This study revealed that neutrophils under the influence of TNF alpha exacerbated the release of elastase, MPO, ALKP and superoxide. IL-8, in turn, triggered those neutrophils which were isolated from heifers suffering from BRD, and released elastase, ALKP and 5-oxo-ETE, but not MPO or superoxide (O2-). The most pronounced degranulative response was observed in the acute form of BRD and a lesser response was seen in the chronic form. The secretory action of neutrophils varied not only depending on the form and phase of the disease but it also diminished successively during recovery.
Wessely-Szponder, J.
Department of Pathophysiology, Chair of Preclinical Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural Academy, Akademicka 12, 20-033 Lublin, Poland.
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of the ryanodine receptor gene – RYR1T polymorphism on the initial growth and fattening and slaughter values of Polish Synthetic Line 990 pigs reared in standardized litters. The study was carried on 276 offspring of hyperprolific sows. The sows gave birth to at least 12 live-born piglets. On the first day after birth, litters were equalised to 12 piglets in litter. The body weight was examined on the 21st (21BW), 28th (28BW), 63rd (63BW) and 180th (180BW) days of life. During evaluation, the live average daily gain (LADG) from birth to day 180 of life and the average daily gain (ADG) from day 63 to day 180 of life were determined. The percentage meat content (PMC), backfat thickness (BFT) and loin eye thickness (LET) was determined using PIGLOG 105 ultrasound apparatus. Two alleles of the RYR1 gene (RYR1C, RYR1T) and three genotypes (C/C, C/T and T/T) were identified. The 21BW and 28BW of the T/T genotype were significantly lower than that of the C/C and C/T. The highest PMC was characteristic of the T/T genotype, whereas the lowest one of the C/C genotype (p<0.05). The T/T genotype had a higher LET than the C/C genotype (p<=0.05). No significant differences with respect to LADG, ADG and BFT between RYR1 genotypes were found. It can be stated that early identification of homozygous animals with respect to the RYR1T gene may allow the prediction of the body weight of animals in the initial period of their rearing.
Pietruszka, A.　Sosnowska, A.
Department of Pig Breeding, University of Agriculture in Szczecin, ul. Dr. Judyma 10, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland.
2008, no8